criminal background check nc essentials for residents, renters, and employers

Where North Carolina records come from

In North Carolina, most criminal records originate at the county level, where Superior and District court clerks maintain dockets. A statewide name search can provide helpful indexing, but an official, fingerprint-based report flows through the State Bureau of Investigation and typically requires processing by a sheriff’s office or approved channeler. For many hiring or licensing decisions, a county-of-residence search remains the most current snapshot of charges, dispositions, and updates.

Compliance and fair use

If you’re screening someone, obtain written consent and follow the FCRA adverse action steps before denying opportunities. Keep EEOC guidance in mind, evaluate relevance and recency, and remember NC’s “ban-the-box” practices for many public roles. Individuals may dispute inaccuracies and seek expungement where eligible.

• Verify full name, DOB, and prior aliases
• Search all NC counties lived in within 7 years
• Confirm final dispositions, not just arrests
• Note pending cases versus convictions
• Check for expungements or sealing

Timing, cost, and practical tips

County clerk lookups often return in 1–3 business days; fingerprint checks can take longer. Expect modest fees, keep clear records of consent, and document your decision criteria to ensure consistent, defensible outcomes.